Abstract:
The long-term series of regular measurements of the carbon dioxide concentration in the surface water and СО2 fluxes in the littoral zone of Lake Baikal has shown that diurnal variations are observed during all open-water period (May through December), which are related to the processes of photosynthetic activity of plankton. In order to isolate the role of photoperiodic process on the background of the effect of many factors of different nature on the change of the concentration of carbon dioxide in the surface water and its fluxes in the atmosphere – water system, the scheme of diurnal behavior of the concentration and fluxes of CO2 in the littoral zone of Southern Baikal in 2004–2015 is considered in the coordinates of the sunshine duration. It was calculated on the basis of theoretically possible sunshine duration (from sunrise until sunset under cloudless sky and open horizon conditions).
The proposed parameterization algorithm for retrieval of the values of these characteristics for any time moment can be used in the models of the carbon dioxide cycle and will be useful for planning the study of biological and chemical processes in Lake Baikal.
Keywords:
carbon dioxide, partial pressure, flux, solar radiation, diurnal variation, photosynthesis, destruction, plankton, Lake Baikal
References:
- Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Core Writing Team / Eds. R.K. Pachauri, L.A. Meyer. Geneva: IPCC, 2014. 151 p.
- Ciais P., Sabine C., Bala G., Bopp L., Brovkin V., Canadell J., Chhabra A., DeFries R., Galloway J., Heimann M., Jones C., Le Quéré C., Myneni R.B., Piao S., Thornton P. Carbon and other biogeochemical cycles // Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Eds. T.F. Stocker, D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex, P.M. Midgley. Cambridge, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2013. P. 465–570. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781107415324.015.
- Le Quéré C., Moriarty R., Andrew R.M. Global carbon budget 2014 // Earth Syst. Sci. Data. 2015. V. 7. P. 47–85. DOI: 10.5194/essd-7-47-2015.
- Quegan S., Beer C., Shvidenko A., McCallum I., Handoh I.C., Peylin P., Rödenbeck C., Lucht W., Nilsson S., Schmullius C. Estimating the carbon balance of central Siberia using landscape-ecosystem approach, atmospheric inversion and dynamic global vegetation models // Glob. Change Biol. 2011. V. 17. P. 351–365. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02275.x.
- Tranvik L.J., Downing J.A., Cotner J.B., Loiselle S.A., Striegl R.G., Ballatore T.J., Dillon P., Finlay K., Fortino K., Knoll L.B., Kortelainen P.L., Kutser T., Larsen S., Laurion I., Leech D.M., McCallister S.L., McKnight D.M., Melack J.M., Overholt E., Porter J.A., Prairie Y., Renwick W.H., Roland F., Sherman B.S., Schindler D.W., Sobek S., Tremblay A., Vanni M.J., Verschoor A.M., von Wachenfeldt E., Weyhenmeyer G.A. Lakes and reservoirs as regulators of carbon cycling and climate // Limnol. Oceanogr. 2009. V. 54. P. 2298–2314.
- Rantakari M., Kortelainen P. Interannual variation and climatic regulation of the CO2 emission from large boreal lakes // Glob. Change Biol. 2005. V. 11. P. 1368–1380. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00982.x.
- Sobek S., Algesten G., Bergstrom A.K., Jansson M., Tranvik L.J. The catchment and climate regulation of PCO2 in boreal lakes // Glob. Change Biol. 2003. V. 9. P. 630–641.
- Emerson S. Gas exchange rates in small Canadian Shield lakes // Limnol. Oceanogr. 1975. V. 30. P. 754–761.
- Huotari J., Ojala A., Peltomaa E., Pumpanen J., Hari P., Vesala T. Temporal variations in surface water CO2 concentration in a boreal humic lake based on high-frequency measurements // Boreal Environ. Res. 2009. V. 14, suppl. A. P. 48–60.
- Huotari J., Ojala A., Peltomaa E., Nordbo A., Launiainen S., Pumpanen J., Rasilo T., Hari P., Vesala T. Long-term direct CO2 flux measurements over a boreal lake: Five years of eddy covariance data // Geophys. Res. Lett. 2011. V. 38. L18401. DOI: 10.1029/2011GL048753.
- Votincev K.K., Meshherjakova A.I., Popovskaja G.I. Krugovorot organicheskogo veshhestva v ozere Bajkal. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1975. 189 p.
- Panchenko M.V., Domysheva V.M., Pestunov D.A., Sakirko M.V., Zavoruev V.V., Novickij A.L. Jeksperimental'nye issledovanija processov gazoobmena CO2 v sisteme «atmosfera–vodnaja poverhnost'» oz. Bajkal (postanovka jeksperimenta) // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2007. V. 20, N 5. P. 448–452.
- Grachev M.A., Domysheva V.M., Hodzher T.V., Korovjakova I.V., Golobokova L.P., Pogodaeva T.V., Vereshhagin A.L., Granin N.G., Gnatovskij R.Ju., Kostornova T.Ja. Glubinnaja voda ozera Bajkal – prirodnyj standart presnoj vody // Himija v interesah ustojchivogo razvitija. 2004. N 12. P. 417–429.
- Popovskaja G.I. Godovye izmenenija fitoplanktona // Tr. Limnol. in-t. SO AN SSSR. 1971. V. 12(32). P. 158–169.
- Panin G.N. Teplo i massoobmen mezhdu vodoemom i atmosferoj v estestvennyh uslovijah. M.: Nauka, 1985. 206 p.
- Bjutner Je.K. Planetarnyj gazoobmen O2 i SO2. L.: Gidrometeoizdat, 1986. 239 p.
- Mizandroncev I.B., Gorbunova L.A., Domysheva V.M., Mizandronceva K.N., Shimaraev M.N. Gazoobmen Bajkala s atmosferoj v osennij period // Geogr. i prirod. resursy. 1998. N 1. P. 61–70.
- Mizandroncev I.B., Domysheva V.M., Mizandronceva K.N. O korotkoperiodnoj dinamike sostojanija karbonatnoj sistemy trofogennogo sloja Bajkala // Geogr. i prirod. resursy. 2003. N 3. P. 78–85.
- Mizandroncev I.B., Domysheva V.M., Mizandronceva K.N. Sutochnyj hod intensivnosti gazoobmena oz. Bajkal s atmosferoj // Vodnye resursy. 2003. V. 30, N 3. P. 289–296.
- Mizandroncev I.B., Domysheva V.M., Mizandronceva K.N., Tomas K. O sutochnoj dinamike koncentracij svobodnoj uglekisloty i kisloroda v vode Bajkala // Geogr. i prirod. resursy. 2002. N 1. P. 73–78.
- Mizandroncev I.B., Domysheva V.M., Shimaraev M.N., Golobokova L.P., Korovjakova I.V., Mizandronceva K.N., Zhdanov A.A., Gnatovskij R.Ju., Cehanovskij V.V., Chubarov M.P. Osobennosti gazoobmena Bajkala s atmosferoj pri perehode ot vesennego progreva k letnemu // Geogr. i prirod. resursy. 2000. N 3. P. 55–62.
- Domysheva V.M., Pestunov D.A., Panchenko M.V., Hohrova O.M., Mizandroncev I.B., Shmargunov V.P., Hodzher T.V., Belan B.D. O svjazi ritmov izmenenija soderzhanija uglekislogo gaza v privodnom sloe vozduha i himicheskogo sostava vody ozera Bajkal // Dokl. RAN. 2004. V. 399, N 6. P. 825–828.
- Zavoruev V.V., Panchenko M.V., Domysheva V.M., Sakirko M.V., Belyh O.V., Popovskaja G.I. Sutochnyj hod gazoobmena CO2 i intensivnosti fotosinteza v poverhnostnoj vode ozera Bajkal // Dokl. RAN. 2007. V. 413, N 3. P. 403–407.
- Sakirko M.V., Panchenko M.V., Domysheva V.M., Pestunov D.A. Sutochnye ritmy koncentracii dioksida ugleroda v privodnom sloe vozduha i v poverhnostnoj vode oz. Bajkal v raznye gidrologicheskie sezony // Meteorol. i gidrol. 2008. N 2. P. 79–86.
- Sakirko M.V., Panchenko M.V., Domysheva V.M., Pestunov D.A. Sutochnye ritmy koncentracii dioksida ugleroda v privodnom sloe vozduha i v poverhnostnoj vode oz. Bajkal v raznye gidrologicheskie sezony // Meteorol. i gidrol. 2010. V. 23, N 12. P. 1067–1074; Dоmyshevа V.М., Sаkirkо М.V., Pеstunоv D.А., Pаnchenkо М.V. Seasonal behavior of the СО2 gas exchange process in the “atmosphere–water” system of the littoral zone of Southern Baikal. 1. Hydrological spring // Atmos. Ocean Opt. 2011. V. 24, N 3. P. 253–260.
- Domysheva V.M., Sakirko M.V., Pestunov D.A., Panchenko M.V. Sezonnyj hod processa gazoobmena CO2 v sisteme «atmosfera–voda» v litorali Juzhnogo Bajkalа. 2. Gidrologicheskoe leto // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2011. V 24, N 9. P. 737–742; Domysheva V.M., Sakirko M.V., Pestunov D.A., Panchenko M.V. Seasonal behavior of the CO2 gas exchange process in the “atmosphere–water” system of littoral zone of Southern Baikal. 2. Hydrological summer // Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 2013. V. 26, N 2. P. 163–169.
- Domysheva V.M., Sakirko M.V., Pestunov D.A., Panchenko D.A. Sezonnyj hod processa gazoobmena CO2 v sisteme «atmosfera–voda» v litorali Juzhnogo Bajkala. 3. Osen' // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2012. V. 25, N 9. P. 826–832; Dоmyshevа V.М., Sаkirkо М.V., Pеstunоv D.А., Pаnchenkо М.V. Seasonal behavior of the СО2 gas exchange process in the “atmosphere–water” system of the littoral zone of Southern Baikal. 3. Autumn // Atmos. Ocean Opt. 2013. V. 26, N 3. P. 252–258.
- Panchenko M., Pestunov D., Sakirko M., Domysheva V. Air-water carbon dioxide exchange in the littoral zone of Lake Baikal (ice-free period) // Int. J. Geosci. 2013. V. 4. P. 1339–1345.
- Odum Ju. Jekologija. V. 1–2. M.: Progress, 1986. 620 p.
- The Daily Growth Cycle of Phytoplankton / Eds. T. Berman, H.J. Gons, L.R. Mur // Proc. Fifth Inter-national Workshop of the Group for Aquatic Primary Productivity (GAP), held at Breukelen, The Netherlands 20–28 April. 1990. V. 76. Р. 1–35.
- Back R.С., Bolgrin D.W., Guselnikova N.E., Bondarenko N.A. Phytoplankton photosynthesis in Southern Lake Baikal // J. Great Lakes Res. 1991. V. 17, N 2. P. 194–202.
- Bondarenko N.A., Gusel'nikova N.E., Perova T.S., Pokatilova T.N. Svetovye optimumy dlja fotosinteza fitoplanktona v Bajkale // Krugovorot veshhestva i jenergii v vodoemah: Tez. dokl. V Vsesojuz. limnol. soveshh. Listvenichnoe-na-Bajkale, 2–4 september 1981 year. Irkutsk, 1981. Issue 1. PС. 44–45.
- Bondarenko N.A., Evstaf'ev V.K. Solnechnye ritmy fitoplanktona ozera Bajkal // II s#ezd biofizikov Rossii: Tez. dokl. 1999. V. III. P. 864–865.
- Pestunov D.A., Panchenko M.V., Shamrin A.M. Baza dannyh soderzhanija uglekislogo gaza v atmosfere i v vode i potokov uglekislogo gaza v sisteme «atmosfera–voda» v litorali ozera Bajkal: Svidetel'stvo o gosudarstvennoj registracii bazy dannyh N 2015620798. Zajav. 22.06.2015.
- Matveev L.T. Kurs obshhej meteorologii. Fizika atmosfery. 2-e izd. L.: Gidrometeoizdat, 1984. 752 p.
- Domysheva V.M., Pestunov D.A., Sakirko M.V., Shamrin A.M., Panchenko M.V. K ocenke bjudzheta potokov uglekislogo gaza v sisteme «atmosfera–voda» v litorali Juzhnogo Bajkala s primeneniem metoda plavajushhih kamer // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2015. V. 28, N 6. P. 552–560; Dоmyshevа V.М., Pеstunоv D.А., Sаkirkо М.V., Shamrin A.M., Pаnchenkо М.V. Estimation of СО2 fluxes in the “atmosphere–water” system in the South Lake Baikal littoral with the floating chamber method // Atmos. Ocean Opt. 2015. V. 28, N 6. P. 543–550.
- Panova G.P. Spektral'naja i integral'naja prozrachnost' atmosfery na ozere Bajkal. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1980. 73 p.
- Mart'janova G.N. Radiacionno-opticheskaja harakteristika atmosfery na juzhnom poberezh'e ozera Bajkal // Geogr. i prirod. resursy. 1992. N 4. P. 68–84.
- Mart'janova G.N. Izmenchivost' prozrachnosti atmosfery v kotlovine ozera Bajkal i ee vlijanie na prihod radiacii v otdel'nyh uchastkah spektra // Geogr. i prirod. resursy. 1994. N 1. P. 76–82.
- Zajahanov A.S., Zhamsueva G.S., Naguslaev S.A., Cydypov V.V., Sakerin S.M., Kabanov D.M., Tashhilin M.A. Rezul'taty issledovanij ajerozol'noj opticheskoj tolshhi atmosfery v Bajkal'skom regione // Optika atmosf. i okeana. 2010. V. 23, N 6. P. 466–470.