Feasibilities are studied to determine the prognostic parameters in the temporal hydrometeorological series by their transformation into sets of increments Δi,1-Δi,k of the order k. Empirical tests for estimation of the trend sign as well as the sign of anomaly of a geophysical element in the forthcoming year compared to the preceding one are presented by the example of the air temperature. The proposed method can be applicable to problems of atmospheric and ecological monitoring.