Vol. 8, issue 10, article # 2

pdf Kaul B. V. Polarization anisotropy of light multiply backscattered on spherical particles. // Atmospheric and oceanic optics. 1995. V. 8. No. 10. P. 1428-1434.
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Abstract:

A mathematical description is presented for the brightness pattern in the image plane produced by radiation incident on a receiving objective due to scattering by spherical particles irradiated by a narrow beam of linearly polarized radiation. Images formed by scattered radiation passed alternately through a polarizer with orthogonal planes of polarization are essentially different and anisotropic in azimuth. This phenomenon was first discovered experimentally by Canadian researchers Carswell and Pal and is adequately described by the formula derived here. The description is given for a stationary source of light in the double-scattering approximation.