Том 9, номер 03, статья № 9

Аннотация:

Measurements of direct solar radiation in polluted atmosphere over Mexico City are used to infer the growth of aerosol optical depth (AOD) due to volcanic aerosol and large volcanic ash particles emerged there between March 28 and April 4, 1982, as a result of El Chichon eruption (17.5°N, 93.3°W, Mexico). These measurements, as well as those conducted in Vancouver (Canada), showed that the initial episode of AOD growth took place in the period between April and July 1982 in both places, being more pronounced in the former. AOD value has fallen down to its usual background level only by February 1993. Secondary AOD maxima have, however, occurred during April–July 1983 period in Mexico and between October 1982 and September 1983 in Vancouver. From results obtained it is concluded that the initial AOD increase in April–July 1982, observed both in Vancouver and Mexico, was mainly due to shortliving volcanic ash particles residing near the ground surface, whereas the secondary AOD maxima were associated with the formation of stratospheric volcanic aerosol.

Список литературы:

1. Аэрозоль и климат / Под ред. К.Я. Кондратьева. Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1991. 542 с.
2. Кондратьев К.Я. Вулканы и климат // Итоги науки и техники. Метеорол. и климатол. Т. 13. М.: ВИНИТИ, 1985. 204 с.
3. Кондратьев К.Я. Глобальный климат. СПб: Наука, 1992. 359 с.
4. Кондратьев К.Я., Ивлев Л.С. О воздействии антропогенного аэрозоля на климат // Доклады РАН. 1995. Т. 340. N 1. C. 98–99.
5. Kondratyev K.Ya. Climate Shocks: Natural and Anthropogenic. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 1988. 296 p.
6. Galindo I. Cambios climaticos regionales como components del cambio climatico global. Ciencia. 1992. V. 45. P. 21–27.
7. Jennings S.G. (Ed.). Aerosol Effects on Climate. The Univ. оf Arizona Press. Tucson and London. 1993. 304 p.
8. Kondratyev K.Ya., Cracknell A.P. Observing Global Climate Change. London e.a. Taylor & Francis. 1996 (in press).
9. Kondratyev K.Ya., Galindo I. Volcanic Activity and Climate. A. Deepak Publ., Hampton, Va. 1996 (in press).
10. Newell R.E. Volcanism and Climate. 1985 Yearbook of Science and Technology. 1984. McGraw Hill: New York. P. 206–225.
11. Langner J., Rodhe M. A global three-dimensional model of the thropospheric sulfur cycle// J. Atmos. Chem. 1991. V. 13. P. 225–263.
12. Matson M., Robock A. Satellite detection of the 1982 El Chichon eruptions and stratospheric dust cloud. Geofis. Int. 1984. V. 23. P. 117–127.
13. DeLuisi J.J., Dutton E.G., Coulson K.L., Defoor T.E., Mendonca B.G. On some radiative effects of the El Chichon volcanic stratospheric dust cloud and a cloud of unknown origin at Mauna Loa // J. Geophys. Res. 1983. V. C88. P. 6769–6772.
14. Davis J.A., Hay J.E. Calculation of the solar radiation incident on a horizontal surface// Proc. First Canadian Solar Radiation Data Workshop. Toronto, 1978. J.E. Hay and T.K. Won, Eds. 1980. Canadian Atmos. Environm. Service, Downsview, Ont. P. 32–58.
15. Freund J. Aerosol optical depth in the Canadian Arctic// Atmosphere–Ocean. 1983. V. 21. P. 158–167.
16. Hay J.E., Darby R. El Chichon – influence on aerosоl optical depth and direct, diffuse and total solar irradiances at Vancouver, B.C. // Atmosphere–Ocean. 1984. V. 22. N 3. P. 354–368.
17. Kasten F. A new table and approximation formula for the relative optical air mass// Arch. Meteorol. Geophys. Bioklimatol. 1966. V. B14. P. 206–233.
18. Lacis A.A., Hansen J.E. A parameterization for the absorption of solar radiation in the Earth's atmosphere // J. Atmos. Sci. 1974. V. 31. P. 118–133.
19. MacClatchey R.A., Selby J.E., Garing J.S., Fenn R.W., Volz F.E. Optical Properties of the Atmosphere. Environm. Res. Pap. N 354. Air Force Cambridge Lab. 1971. 85 p.
20. Won T.K. The simulation of hourly global radiation from hourly reported meteorological parameters // Canadian Prairie Area Third Conf., Canadian Solar Energy Soc., Inc. Edmonton,  ALTA. 1977. 23 p.
21. Estrada A., Arroyo J. Personal Communication. 1988.
22. Iqbal M. Introduction to Solar Radiation. Academic Press:  Toronto. 1983. 390 p.
23. Patterson E.M., Pollard C.O., Galindo I. Optical properties of the ash from El Chichon volcano// Geophys. Res. Lett. 1983. V. 10. P. 317 – 320.
24. Galindo I. Anthropogenic aerosols and their regional scale climatic effects // Aerosols and their Climatic Effects. Eds.: H.E. Gerber, A. Deepak. 1984. A. Deepak Publ. Hampton, Va. P. 245 –259.
25. Galindo I. Presence of volcanic ash in the atmosphere of Mexico City after the January 28, 1913 eruption of Volcan de Fuego de Colima, Mexico. 1995. Geofis. Int. (in press).